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Risk of diabetes and insulin resistance in young university students in Colombia
Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia, primarily caused by insulin resistance. Although T2DM is pre valent in adults, it has been observed that young individuals are starting to exhibit alte rations in glucose metabolism, leading to the development of this disease.
Objective. To determine the risk of T2DM and insulin resistance in university students from the city of Tunja (Colombia).
Methodology. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample of 136 university students who provided informed consent and completed the FIN DRISC test to assess the risk of T2DM. Associations between sociodemographic charac teristics and diabetes risk were analyzed. Basal glucose and insulin levels were measured, and the HOMA-IR index was calculated for participants scoring ≥7 on the FINDRISC test.
Results. 29.4% of the participants showed a slightly elevated or moderate risk of T2DM in the next 10 years. Among them, 85% (34 participants) had elevated basal glucose le vels, and 27.5% (11 participants) exhibited insulin resistance. A positive association was found between moderate or high diabetes risk and certain sociodemographic characte ristics, though it was not statistically significant.
Conclusion. A significant percentage of university students in Tunja are at moderate risk of developing T2DM within the next 10 years, along with insulin resistance and alterations in glucose metabolism. The FINDRISC test and HOMA-IR index are highlighted as useful tools for detecting and assessing these risks.
