Oferta hídrica superficial del humedal el Gallinazo, ubicado en Aguachica-Colombia

Rossember Saldaña-Escorcia; Rosana Otalvarez Herrera; Juan David Herrera Galviz

doi:10.22490/21456453.5959

Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2023)

Publicado 18-12-2022

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Oferta hídrica superficial del humedal el Gallinazo, ubicado en Aguachica-Colombia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.5959

Rossember Saldaña-Escorcia Universidad Popular del Cesar seccional Aguachica

Rosana Otalvarez Herrera Universidad Popular del Cesar seccional Aguachica

Juan David Herrera Galviz Universidad Popular del Cesar seccional Aguachica

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Contextualización: Hoy en día los humedales se encuentran en deterioro a causa principalmente de las actividades antrópicas que provocan procesos de sustitución y degradación por el cambio en los usos de los suelos causando conflicto de uso así como consecuencias en el suministro de los recursos. En especial, el recurso hídrico el cual presenta diversas alteraciones lo que limita los servicios ecosistémicos que los humedales prestan.

Vacío de conocimiento: Información inexistente sobre la disponibilidad del recurso hídrico en la zona del humedal que sirve de base para la gobernanza del agua eficaz, eficiente e incluyente en la zona, permitiendo contribuir en la formulación de políticas públicas en la gestión integral del recurso hídrico maximizando así el bienestar social y económico en el municipio, y se hace necesario la determinación de esta con el fin de conservar los ecosistemas periurbanos de importancia regional.

Propósito: Este trabajo se estimó la oferta hídrica superficial neta disponible mediante el método lluvia-escorrentía, en el humedal El Gallinazo, Aguachica (Cesar – Colombia) como aporte a la gestión integral del recurso.

Metodología: Se basó en el establecimiento de la cobertura vegetal por medio del sistema Corine Land Cover adaptado para Colombia, el grupo hidrológico mediante la textura del suelo y con esto se determinó a través de tablas el número de curvas. La investigación incluyó el cálculo de la precipitación media anual empleando el método de interpolación de Kriging con ayuda del software ArcGIS y datos meteorológicos extraídos de estaciones del IDEAM, para luego determinar la precipitación efectiva de la zona. Además, se utilizó el método lluvia-escorrentía en función al número de curvas (SCS-CN) y la resolución 865 de 2004 para establecer la oferta hídrica neta disponible del humedal El Gallinazo.

Resultados y conclusiones: La zona posee dos tipos de coberturas vegetales, tres grupos hidrológicos de suelo y un CN promedio de 59,29 demostrando un potencial de escorrentía moderadamente alto y una capacidad de infiltración moderada; la oferta hídrica anual disponible fue de 42573,6 m³. El comportamiento de la disponibilidad del agua depende de las actividades antrópica dentro y fuera del humedal así como del régimen de precipitación.

Palabras clave: Cobertura vegetal; disponibilidad; humedal; lluvia-escorrentía; método SCS-CN.

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Saldaña-Escorcia, R., Otalvarez Herrera, R., & Herrera Galviz, J. D. (2022). Oferta hídrica superficial del humedal el Gallinazo, ubicado en Aguachica-Colombia. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 14(1), 221-249. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.5959

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