Alteraciones bioquímicas y metabólicas en el periodo de transición en vacas lecheras

Rómulo Campos Gaona; Adriana Correa Orozco; Gema Lucia Zambrano Burbano; Paola Andrea Ospina Cordoba

doi:10.22490/21456453.2123

Vol. 9 Núm. 2 (2018)

Publicado 05-07-2018

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Área Pecuaria

Alteraciones bioquímicas y metabólicas en el periodo de transición en vacas lecheras

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.2123

Rómulo Campos Gaona Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira

Adriana Correa Orozco Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira

Gema Lucia Zambrano Burbano Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira

Paola Andrea Ospina Cordoba Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira

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La genética moderna ha logrado la selección de vacas con alta capacidad de producción de leche por lactancia, sin embargo, esta selección generó desajustes homeostáticos en el periodo de transición lo cual ha conllevado a la presentación de desórdenes metabólicos y fallas reproductivas, que inciden negativamente en la rentabilidad de los sistemas lecheros. El periodo de transición constituye una etapa de profundos cambios metabólicos y endocrinos que generan un desafío fisiológico en el final de la gestación y el inicio de la lactancia. Para establecer estrategias que disminuyan la presentación o severidad de las enfermedades metabólicas y su impacto en el desempeño reproductivo, es necesario conocer los mecanismos bioquímicos que son afectados, principalmente sobre el metabolismo energético y lipídico que estimulan rutas compensatorias como la gluconeogénesis. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue describir las principales alteraciones bioquímicas que ocurren durante el periodo de transición en vacas lecheras, la ocurrencia de balance energético negativo y algunos síndromes metabólicos que éstas presentan.

Palabras clave: ácidos grasos no esterificados, cetosis, factor I del crecimiento similar a la insulina, gluconeogénesis, hígado graso.

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Campos Gaona, R., Correa Orozco, A., Zambrano Burbano, G. L., & Ospina Cordoba, P. A. (2018). Alteraciones bioquímicas y metabólicas en el periodo de transición en vacas lecheras. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 9(2), 165-179. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.2123

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