Vulnerabilidad de fuentes hídricas superficiales de la cuenca del río cerrito a la contaminación difusa agrícola

Andres Fernando Echeverri Sánchez; Norberto Urrutia Cobo; Sandra Milena Barona Ramírez

doi:10.22490/21456453.3136

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020)

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2020-07-07

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Echeverri Sánchez, A. F., Urrutia Cobo, N., & Barona Ramírez, S. M. (2020). Vulnerability of surface water sources of the cerrito river basin to the agricultural diffuse pollution. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 11(2), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.3136

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Vulnerability of surface water sources of the cerrito river basin to the agricultural diffuse pollution

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.3136

Section

Área Ambiental

Andres Fernando Echeverri Sánchez Universidad del Valle

Norberto Urrutia Cobo Universidad del Valle

Sandra Milena Barona Ramírez Universidad del Valle

Contextualization: The traditional agricultural practices includes application of agrochemical products to fertilize and control pests, weeds, and diseases. After the application, those products are transported through diffusion phenomena to water bodies. At the same time, surface water bodies are used as a source of water in human consumption, agriculture, industrial and recreational activities, among others, and are the support of aquatic ecosystems.

Knowledge gap: Although there are several available parametric methods to value the vulnerability of groundwater, methods to surface water bodies are scarce.

Purpose of the study: The main aim was to apply a methodological proposal to value the vulnerability categories of surface water bodies to the diffuse contamination triggered by agricultural activities in the Cerrito river watershed (Colombia), as an instrument to support the planning of prevention, mitigation and recovering actions.

Material and methods: In this sense, it was proposed a methodology based on a multicriteria analysis and geographic information system techniques to identify and to map the vulnerability of surface water bodies in tributary watersheds of Cauca river in Valle del Cauca Department (Colombia). This framework was applied to Cerrito river watershed, which showed several land covers, slopes greater than 12% in its upper part and technified agriculture in its lower part.

Results and discussion: The result obtained was a raster map of vulnerability index values of surface water bodies to diffuse contamination triggered by agrochemicals (IVCDA). This estimation indicated that a high percentage of watershed area (75.3%) presented a medium vulnerability, mainly associated to sugarcane crops in its floodplain zone and associate to grasslands in its hillslope zone. Moreover, it was obtained small and dispersed areas of high vulnerability (0.6%), associated to vegetable, citric and grape crops. Forest zones and remaining grasslands were categorized with low and very low vulnerability. The spatial distribution of IVCDA permitted to conclude that the main factors causing vulnerability in hillslope zone of Cerrito river watershed were slope and erosion, while at the floodplain zone it was the inadequate agricultural practices. In terms of land cover, it was concluded that vineyard, vegetable and citric crops promoted a major vulnerability level in the watershed.

multicriteria analysis, diffuse contamination, vulnerability index, geographic information system

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Vulnerability of surface water sources of the cerrito river basin to the agricultural diffuse pollution

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