Bisfenol A y efectos de disrupción endocrina en humanos y animales: Revisión sistemática:

Fernando Tamayo; Jorge Agaméz; Dilia Aparicio; Johana Márquez

doi:10.22490/21456453.4691

Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022)

Publicado 17-06-2022

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Derechos de autor 2022 Revista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental

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Bisfenol A y efectos de disrupción endocrina en humanos y animales: Revisión sistemática

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4691

Fernando Tamayo Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez

Jorge Agaméz Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez

Dilia Aparicio Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez

Johana Márquez Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez

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Contextualización: El Bisfenol A (BPA por su nombre en inglés, Bisphenol A) es una sustancia química utilizada en la fabricación de recipientes de plástico de policarbonato, recubrimiento de latas de metal, empaques de productos cosméticos y de cuidado personal, utensilios de cocina, juguetes, papel térmico para recibos, equipos deportivos y dispositivos médicos y dentales, que posee la facilidad de lixiviarse con el paso del tiempo y las altas temperaturas. En la actualidad, el BPA se ha categorizado como disruptor endocrino, debido a su capacidad de alterar la homeostasis del sistema endocrino tanto de humanos como animales.

Vacío de investigación: El uso de plásticos se ha convertido en una problemática mundial, debido al impacto generado en los diferentes compartimientos ambientales, así como la salud de los animales y el hombre. En este sentido, se hace necesario la recopilación de información que evidencie el panorama general de los efectos asociados a sustancias presentes en los plásticos, tales como el BPA.

Propósito del estudio: Revisar los efectos de disrupción endocrina inducidos por la exposición a BPA en humanos y animales.

Metodología: Revisión sistemática de acuerdo con la guía PRISMA. Para ello se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos Scielo, ScienceDirect, MedLine (PubMed,OVID) entre el periodo de 2017 hasta 2021. Como palabras claves se emplearon los siguientes términos: Bisphenol, endocrine disrupter, animals y humans. Se incluyeron todos los artículos que evidenciaran el efecto disruptor endocrino del BPA en humanos y animales.

Resultados: Para esta revisión se incluyeron 35 estudios, de los cuales 17 se realizaron en humanos y 18 en animales; los estudios seleccionados evidenciaron que la exposición a BPA puede tener efectos sobre la reproducción, aumento de peso (obesógeno), diabetes, neurotoxicidad, estrés oxidativo y función tiroidea.

Conclusión: El BPA puede filtrarse de plásticos y productos y ser ingerido o absorbido por vía transdérmica en los seres vivos, así como lixiviarse al ambiente; allí puede alcanzar aguas residuales, suelo y cuerpos de agua (superficiales y subterráneos). Por tanto, esta sustancia es considerada como ubicua en el medio ambiente e inevitable para los humanos y animales, en los cuales ha mostrado inducir efectos de disrupción endocrina equiparables.

Palabras clave: Bisfenol A, disrupción endocrina, humanos, animales, revisión

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Gupta, S., Guha, P., Majumder, S., Pal, P., Sen, K., Chowdhury, P., Chakraborty, A., Panigrahi, A. K., & Mukherjee, D. (2018). Effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on brain-specific expression of cyp19a1b gene in swim-up fry of Labeo rohita. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part - C: Toxicology and Pharmacology, 209(December 2017), 63–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.04.002

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Jain, J., Gupta, N., Mathur, R., Nimesh, S., & Mathur, S. K. (2019). A Study on Impact of BPA in the Adipose Tissue Dysfunction (Adiposopathy) in Asian Indian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 35(4), 451–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00843-y

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Kwon, J. A., Shin, B., & Kim, B. (2020). Urinary bisphenol A and thyroid function by BMI in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2012–2014. Chemosphere, 240, 124918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124918

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Li, L., Ying, Y., Zhang, C., Wang, W., Li, Y., Feng, Y., Liang, J., Song, H., & Wang, Y. (2019). Bisphenol A exposure and risk of thyroid nodules in Chinese women: A case-control study. Environment International, 126(January), 321–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.026

Li, X., Guo, J. Y., Li, X., Zhou, H. J., Zhang, S. H., Liu, X. D., Chen, D. Y., Fang, Y. C., & Feng, X. Z. (2017). Behavioural effect of low-dose BPA on male zebrafish: Tuning of male mating competition and female mating preference during courtship process. Chemosphere, 169, 40–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.053

Liliana, R., Slawomir, G., Tomasz, J., Joanna, W., & Andrzej, P. (2019). The effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) on sympathetic nerve fibers in the uterine wall of the domestic pig. Reproductive Toxicology, 84(July 2018), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.12.004

Liu, Q., Wang, W., Zhang, Y., Cui, Y., Xu, S., & Li, S. (2020). Bisphenol A regulates cytochrome P450 1B1 through miR-27b-3p and induces carp lymphocyte oxidative stress leading to apoptosis. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 102(April), 489–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.009

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Manukyan, L., Dunder, L., Lind, P. M., Bergsten, P., & Lejonklou, M. H. (2019). Developmental exposure to a very low dose of bisphenol A induces persistent islet insulin hypersecretion in Fischer 344 rat offspring. Environmental Research, 172(February), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.009

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Shen, J., Kang, Q., Mao, Y., Yuan, M., Le, F., Yang, X., Xu, X., & Jin, F. (2020). Urinary bisphenol A concentration is correlated with poorer oocyte retrieval and embryo implantation outcomes in patients with tubal factor infertility undergoing in vitro fertilisation. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 187(October 2019), 109816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109816

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Soundararajan, A., Prabu, P., Mohan, V., Gibert, Y., & Balasubramanyam, M. (2019). Novel insights of elevated systemic levels of bisphenol-A (BPA) linked to poor glycemic control, accelerated cellular senescence and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 458(1–2), 171–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-019-03540-9

Spörndly-Nees, E., Boberg, J., Ekstedt, E., Holm, L., Fakhrzadeh, A., Dunder, L., Kushnir, M. M., Lejonklou, M. H., & Lind, P. M. (2018). Low-dose exposure to Bisphenol A during development has limited effects on male reproduction in midpubertal and aging Fischer 344 rats. Reproductive Toxicology, 81, 196–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.08.007

Wang, Q., Yang, H., Yang, M., Yu, Y., Yan, M., Zhou, L., Liu, X., Xiao, S., Yang, Y., Wang, Y., Zheng, L., Zhao, H. H., & Li, Y. (2019). Toxic effects of bisphenol A on goldfish gonad development and the possible pathway of BPA disturbance in female and male fish reproduction. Chemosphere, 221, 235–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.033

Wen, X., Xiong, Y., Jin, L., Zhang, M., Huang, L., Mao, Y., Zhou, C., Qiao, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Bisphenol A Exposure Enhances Endometrial Stromal Cell Invasion and Has a Positive Association with Peritoneal Endometriosis. Reproductive Sciences, 27(2), 704–712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-019-00076-7

Yang, T. C., Peterson, K. E., Meeker, J. D., Sánchez, B. N., Zhang, Z., Cantoral, A., Solano, M., & Tellez-Rojo, M. M. (2017). Bisphenol A and phthalates in utero and in childhood: association with child BMI z-score and adiposity. Environmental Research, 156(734), 326–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.038

Zhang, Y., Guan, Y., Zhang, T., Yuan, C., Liu, Y., & Wang, Z. (2017). Adult exposure to bisphenol A in rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus reduces sperm quality with disruption of testicular aquaporins. Chemosphere, 193, 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.034

Zhang, Y. H., Wei, F., Zhang, J., Hao, L., Jiang, J., Dang, L., Mei, D., Fan, S. S., Yu, Y., & Jiang, L. (2017). Bisphenol A and estrogen induce proliferation of human thyroid tumor cells via an estrogen-receptor-dependent pathway. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 633, 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2017.09.002

Zhang, Y., Mi, K., Xue, W., Wei, W., & Yang, H. (2020). Acute BPA exposure-induced oxidative stress, depressed immune genes expression and damage of hepatopancreas in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 103(December 2019), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.032

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Derechos de autor 2022 Revista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental

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Tamayo, F., Agaméz, J., Aparicio, D., & Márquez, J. (2022). Bisfenol A y efectos de disrupción endocrina en humanos y animales: Revisión sistemática: . Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 13(2), 175-200. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4691

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