Published
2022-06-17

How to Cite

Tamayo, F., Agaméz, J., Aparicio, D., & Márquez, J. (2022). Bisphenol a and endocrine disruption effects on humans and animals: a systematic review. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 13(2), 175-200. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4691
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Bisphenol a and endocrine disruption effects on humans and animals

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4691
Section
Área Ambiental
Fernando Tamayo Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez
Jorge Agaméz Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez
Dilia Aparicio Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez
Johana Márquez Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8828-3735

Contextualization: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical substance used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic containers, lining of metal cans, packaging of cosmetic and personal care products, kitchen utensils, toys, thermal paper, sports equipment, and medical and dental devices. The BPA has the capacity to leach from containers or environmental matrices through time and high temperatures. Currently, BPA has been categorized as an endocrine disruptor, due to its capacity to alter the homeostasis of the endocrine system in humans and animals.

Knowledge gap: The use of plastics has become a global problem, due to the impact generated in the different environmental compartments, as well as the health of animals and man. In this sense, it is necessary to review the information that shows the general panorama of the effects associated with substances present in plastics, such as BPA.

Purpose: To review the endocrine-disrupting effects induced by exposure to BPA in humans and animals.

Methodology: Systematic review according to the PRISMA guide. For this, Scielo, Science Direct, MedLine (PubMed) databases were searched between the period of 2017 to 2021. The keywords Bisphenol, endocrine disrupter, animals, and humans were used. All articles that evidenced the endocrine disrupting effect of BPA in humans and animals were included.

Results: In this review 35 studies were included, they were divided in humans (17) and animals (18). Selected studies showed that BPA exposure can have effects on reproduction, weight gain (obesogen), diabetes, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and thyroid function.

Conclusion: BPA can leach from plastics and other products and then be ingested or absorbed by living beings via transdermal, as well as leaching into the environment, where it can reach wastewater, soil, and water bodies (surface and underground). Thus, this substance is considered ubiquitous in the environment and unavoidable for humans and animals,  and it has been shown to induce comparable endocrine disrupting effects on them.