Evaluación por FTIR de extractos de propóleos de abejas sin aguijón de Bochalema – Norte de Santander: FTIR evaluation of propolis extracts from stingless bees from Bochalema – Norte de Santander

Contextualization: Propolis is produced by bees from resins collected from buds or plant exudates; it is used to seal cracks and reduce the risk of disease within the hive. The medicinal properties of propolis are well known, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities reported so far.

Knowledge gap: The chemical composition of propolis is closely related to the vegetation near the collection site and the species of bee that produces it. In Colombia, the information gap regarding the chemical composition of propolis from native stingless bees is large, specifically in the department of Norte de Santander.

Purpose: FTIR evaluation of ethanolic extracts of propolis from stingless bees of the following species: Scaptotrigona sp., Trigona angustula, Frieseomelitta paupera, collected in Bochalema - Norte de Santander and compared with that of Apis mellifera.

Methodology: The propolis was frozen at -18oC and then crushed. 0.25g of propolis were weighed and extracted with 5ml 96% ethanol at room temperature and kept for two weeks with manual agitation. Subsequently, it was centrifuged, filtered and taken to the incubator until the solvent was eliminated. ATR-FTIR spectra were obtained in the region of 4000-600 cm-1, resolution 4 cm-1 and 48 scans, with diamond crystal; the bands were identified where the spectral regions associated with biomolecules are shown. Subsequently, the data matrix for the PCA and dendrogram in the fingerprint region for zero order, first and second derivatives were made.

Results and conclusions: The results showed that the extracts of all the species presented bands that indicate the presence of phenolic compounds, hydrocarbons, esters, in addition to the remaining wax residue in the samples. It is concluded that FTIR combined with chemometrics allow to establish differences and similarities between propolis samples, indicating that bees have specific preferences of the plants that are available for the collection of resins. Additionally, the extracts of Trigona angustula, Frieseomelitta paupera have a composition like that of Apis mellifera, and Scaptotrigona sp. is different.

keywords: propolis, FTIR

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María Camila , M. C. ., Chaparro García, A. L., & Torres Sánchez , D. A. . (2023). Evaluación por FTIR de extractos de propóleos de abejas sin aguijón de Bochalema – Norte de Santander: FTIR evaluation of propolis extracts from stingless bees from Bochalema – Norte de Santander. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 15(1), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.6552

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