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Emerging and reemerging plant diseases in Latin America: A review.
A disease in plants is the result of compatible gene interaction between a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and favorable environmental conditions. Thus, various driving factors, anthropogenic and environmental, have favored the emergence and re-emergence of diseases that have led to significant losses in crops. Latin America is not the exception of the presence of these phenomena evidenced in first reports for different countries, geographic expansion and in the range of pathogen hosts, the appearance of new races, strains, variants and even species of viruses, viroids, bacteria, fungi and oomycetes which have been addressed in this review, including bacteria of the genera Candidatus Liberibacter and Candidatus phytoplasma