Efecto de la radiación ultravioleta y la colonización micorrízica en árboles pioneros de la región oriental de América del Norte

Nilsen Lasso-Rivas

doi:10.22490/21456453.1263

Vol. 6 Núm. 1 (2015)

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02-01-2015

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Efecto de la radiación ultravioleta y la colonización micorrízica en árboles pioneros de la región oriental de América del Norte

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.1263

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Artículos de Investigación

Nilsen Lasso-Rivas Programa de Agronomía, Universidad del Pacífico, Kilómetro 13 vía al Aeropuerto Barrio el Triunfo, Buenaventura, Colombia

Las plantas están expuestas a múltiples factores de estrés que causan alteraciones en su fisiología. Sin embargo, la evidencia sugiere que las
relaciones mutualistas con microorganismos pueden ayudar a las plantas a superar los efectos perjudiciales de algunos factores de estrés abiótico.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los efectos individuales e interactivos de los rayos ultravioleta (UV) (280-400 nm) y la simbiosis micorrizíca arbuscular (MA) en el crecimiento vegetativo en plántulas de tres especies de árboles pioneros. Se cultivaron en invernadero plántulas de Populus
deltoides, Betula nigra y Salix nigra usando un diseño factorial 2 × 2, con dos condiciones de radiación UV (con y sin radiación UV) y dos tratamientos
MA (inóculo MA vivo o inóculo MA previamente autoclavado). Después de tres meses, las plantas se cosecharon y se registraron crecimiento, morfología y asignación de biomasa; se evaluó porcentaje de colonización MA mediante técnica de cuadricula. Se encontró que las plántulas expuestas
a la radiación UV tenían menor peso seco de la raíz, diámetro del tallo, y relación raíz parte aérea (R/A), y mayor área foliar específica (AFE)
y razón de área foliar (RAF) que aquellas plantas cultivadas en ausencia de radiación UV. La colonización MA no evidenció aumento en el crecimiento
de las plantas. La radiación ultravioleta redujo el porcentaje de raíz colonizada por hongos MA en plántulas de P. deltoides y S. nigra. Se evidenció
que niveles ambientales de radiación UV pueden ejercer un efecto indirecto sobre la micorrización MA en plántulas de árboles pioneros.

micorrizas arbusculares, estrés abiótico, Populus deltoides, Betula nigra, Salix nigra, crecimiento vegetativo

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Lasso-Rivas, N. (2015). Efecto de la radiación ultravioleta y la colonización micorrízica en árboles pioneros de la región oriental de América del Norte. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 6(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.1263

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