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Management of Intermittency in Photovoltaic Generation Using a Microgrid with a Power-to-Heat Mechanism and DERS from the USTA Renewable Energy Laboratory
The growing penetration of renewable energy sources poses a challenge for electric power systems due to the variability and intermittency inherent in technologies such as solar photovoltaic generation. In this context, the objective of this study was to design and implement an experimental microgrid that would enable the management of photovoltaic generation using Power-to-Heat (PtH) mechanisms and distributed energy resources available at the Renewable Energy Laboratory at Santo Tomás University. Initially, a literature review was conducted to identify the main mathematical modeling techniques used in PtH technologies. Subsequently, the mathematical model of a household electric oven—used as a flexible thermal load and virtual energy storage system—was selected and experimentally validated. Finally, the oven was integrated into a microgrid consisting of photovoltaic panels, a grid-connected inverter, a power analyzer, and a data acquisition system based on the Raspberry Pi Pico 2 via RS-485 Modbus communication. The system’s performance was evaluated across three
operating scenarios with different demand levels. The results showed improvements in self-consumption and self-sufficiency metrics, as well as a reduction in the amount of energy exported to the grid. It is concluded that the incorporation of PtH technologies constitutes a viable alternative for increasing operational flexibility and improving the utilization of distributed renewable generation.