Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Published
2021-12-21
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How to Cite

Burbano, P. ., Valencia, A., & Lagos-Burbano, T. (2021). Yield components in Coffea arabica L. In three altitudinal zones of southern Colombia. Revista De Investigación Agraria Y Ambiental, 13(1), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4350
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Yield components in Coffea arabica L. In three altitudinal zones of southern Colombia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.4350
Section
Área Agrícola
Burbano, P. Universidad de Nariño
Valencia, A. Universidad de Nariño
Lagos-Burbano, T. Universidad de Nariño

Contextualization: Coffee is cultivated in 64 % of Nariño municipalities, where climate variability is suitable for the plant to carry out its metabolic activities.

Knowledge Gap: The lack of knowledge and the lack of studies related to the response of performance components, in different environments, difficult to interpret which variables influence in the performance of the Castillo variety coffee. 

Purpose: The goal was to establish cause-effect relations between variables related to morphological, physiological, and climatic components, with the yield of coffee, Castillo variety, under three altitude ranges (High-2015 meters above sea level, Medium-1700 meters above sea level and Low-1536 meters above sea level).

Methodology: The work was carried out in the municipality of Sandoná, Nariño department. The evaluated variables included: Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Ambient Temperature, Precipitation, Relative Humidity, Plant Height, Number of Leaves, Basal Stem Diameter, number of primary branches, length of primary branches, number of internodes per branch, Leaf length, and foliar area index. These were evaluated through the Path Analysis. 

Results and conclusions: The performance components in Castillo variety coffee, varied according to altitude. Zones M and B achieved the highest yields. For altitude M (1700 meters above sea level), the direct effect on the yield (Y) were caused by the primary branches (PB). Within the indirect effects, the most important were those caused by relative Humidity (RH) through temperature (T). Altitude B (1536 meters above sea level) has direct effects on the branch length (BL), foliar area (FA), and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (RFA); and the indirect effects were T through the RFA, number of internodes (NI) through plant height (PH), basal diameter (BD) through leaf numbers (LN), RP through Leaf Length (LL), AF and HR. The area with the lowest yield was altitude A (2015 meters above sea level), showing as direct effects the AP, NE, and HR; the indirect effects were NH, DB, BL, and FA through PH. It is necessary to study the architecture of the plant and its relation with HR to enhance the RTO of coffee.

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