Pathophysiological mechanisms of dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemia corresponds to an alteration of plasma lipids, which translates to an increase in plasma cholesterol and / or triglycerides. Objectives. Describe the mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia and characterize their influence in the current treatment. Methodology. After an exhaustive bibliographic search of 103 studies published until 2010, the most important aspects of the physiology, pathophysiology, complications and therapeutics of this pathology were identified. Results. The pathophysiological mechanisms of dyslipidemia are subdivided into primary and secondary mechanisms, according to their genetic origin or derived from some pathology, respectively. The treatment of dyslipidemia consists of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies, including in the latter, changes in lifestyle that modify diet and physical exercise. Within pharmacological therapies, multiple drugs and their interactions have been studied over time when combined with other of these, the most studied mechanisms being the inhibition of endogenous cholesterol synthesis, inhibition of the degradation of the LDL receptor, inhibition cholesterol absorption, bile acid trapping, decreased synthesis of very low-density lipoproteins and triglyceride synthesis. Conclusions. The currently known about dyslipidemia are in a more molecular level, its correct understanding allows us to make better therapeutic decisions.
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