Published
2022-09-13
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Gene silencing in pest insects that affect the agricultural industry using interference RNA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.6189
Section
Article of Review (before OJS)
Lizeth Ossa Toro
Dina Padilla Jarava
Ligia Sánchez Leal
Luz Stella Fuentes Quintero

Pest insects are species of living organisms that are constantly found in high populations, causing economic crops damage. Generally, it tends to be specific species, usually only one or two, which can cause great economic damage in the agricultural sector. In the last 3 decades, the concept of a biological process has been developed, widely detected in eukaryotes, by which genes can be silenced, from double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This machinery has been investigated to understand its operation and to look for potential applications that it could have in the field of biotechnology. In several studies it was found that gene silencing is due to cytoplasmic intracellular enzymatic interactions with small RNA molecules (siRNA), which act on intracellular messenger RNA (mRNA), preventing it from translating a protein. Through this mechanism, the aim is to silence specific genes in pest insects, which are essential for the insect to live and thus prevent the proliferation of the pest. This article compiles the studies carried out on RNA interference, referring to the genetic mechanism of insects, as an alternative for its control.