Chlamydia trachomatis: avances y perspectivas
La Chlamydia es una bacteria Gram negativa, no móvil, de vida parasitaria intracelular obligada porque carece de habilidad para sintetizar ATP, son parásitos energéticos, no tienen vida libre y colonizan el citoplasma de las células susceptibles.
Jawezt E, Microbiología Médica. Editorial Manual Moderno; 1996.
Everett K. IV Encuentro de la Sociedad Europea de Investigaciones de Chlamydia. Helsinki, Finlandia; 2002.
Mandell GL, et al. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Churchill Livingston; 2000.
Matsumoto A. Structural characteristics of clamycial bodies. In: Microbiology of Chlamydia; 1988. p. 21-45.
Raulton J. Chlamydial envelope components and pathogenhost cell interaction. Mol Microb 1995;15(4):607-16.
Raulton J, et al. Localization of C.trachomatis heat shock proteins 60 and 70 during infection of a human endometrial ephitelial cell line in vitro. Inf and Immunity 1998;66(5):2323-9.
Nichols, et al. New view of the surface projections of Chlamydia trachomatis. J of Bacteriology 1998;5:344-9.
Koneman EW, et al. Diagnóstico Microbiológico.3ª ed. Editorial Médica Panamericana S.A.; 2000.
Bush RM, Everett KDE. Molecular evolution of the Chlamydiaceae. International Journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 2001;51:203-20.
Kalma, et al. Comparatives genomes of Chlamydia pneumoniae and trachomatis. Nature Genetics 1999;21:385-9.
Read, et al. Genome sequence of an obligate intracellular pathogen of human: Chlamydia trachomatis. Science 2000;282:754-9.
Makarova, et al. A novel superfamily of predicted cysteine proteases from eukaryotes, viruses and Chlamydia pneumoniae. Trends in Biochemical Science 2000;25:50-2.
Shirai, et al. Comparison of whole genome sequences of Chlamydia pneumoniae J138 from Japan and CWLO29 from USA. Nucleic Acids Res 2000;28:2311-4.
Zomorodipour A, Andersson. Obligate intracellular parassites: Ricketsias prazekii and Chlamydia trachomatis, FEBS letters 1999;452.
Stephens R, et al. Genome sequence of an obligate intracellular pathogen of humans: Chlamydia trachomatis. Science 1998;282:754-9.
Hatch TP, Al-Hossainy E, Silverman JA. Adenine nucleotide and lysine transport in Chlamydia psittaci. Journal of Bacteriology 1982;150:662-7.
Gerard HC, Freise J, Wang Z, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis genes whose products are related to energy metabolism are expressed differentially in active vs. Persistent infection. Microbes and Infection 2002;4:13-22.
Hartley JC, et al. PCR detection and molecular identification of Chlamydiaceae species. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2001;39(9):3072-9.
Dean D, Millman, K. Molecular and Mutation Trends Analyses of omp1 Alleles for Serovar E of Chlamydia trachomatis. The American Society for Clinical Investigation, Inc. 1997;99(3):475-83.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guiderlines for treatment of sexually transmitted disease. Morbility and Mortaly Weekly reports 1998; 42 (Nº RR1): 1-118.
Stamm W. Chlamydia trachomatis Infections: Progress and Problems. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 1999;179(Suppl 2):S380-3.
Joyner J, Douglas J, Foster M, et al. Persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Detected by Polymerase Chain reaction Untreated Patients. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2002:196-200.
Black C. Current methods of laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997;10:160-84.
Ingraham JL, Ingraham CA. Introducción a la Microbiología. Barcelona: Ed. Reverté S.A.; 1998.
Schachter J. Which test is best for Chlamydia? Curr Opin Infect Dis 1999;12:41-5.
Schachter J, et al. Radical changes to chlamydial taxonomy are not necessary just yet (letter). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2001;51:249.
Lampe MF, Suchland RJ, Stammmm WE. Necleotide sequence of the variable domains whitin the majour outher protein gene from serovariants of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun 1993;61:213-9.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guiderlines for treatment of sexually transmitted disease. Morbility and Mortaly Weekly reports 1998; 42: (Nº RR14): 1-102.
McComb DE, PuznlaK CI. Micro cell culture method for isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis. Apll Microbiol 1974;28:727-9
Youder Bl, Stamm WE, Koester CM, Alexaner ER. Microtest procedure for isilation of Chlamydia trachomatis. J ClinMicrobiol1981;13:1036-9.
Barnes RC. Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections.Clin Microbiol Rev 1989;2:119-36
Kellogg JA, Seiple W, Hick ME. Cross-reactions of clinical isolates of bacteria and yeasts with the clamydiazyme test for chlamidial antigen, before after use of a blocking agent. Am J Clin Pathol 1992;97:309-12.
Stamm WE. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis genitourinary infections. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:710-7.
Moncada J, Schanchter J, Shafer MA, Williams E, Gourlay L, Lavin B, et al. Detecion of Chlamydia trachomatis in first catch urine samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic males. Sex Transm dis 1994;21:8-12.
Newhall WJ, Delisle S, Fine D, Jhonson RE, et al. Head to Head evaluation of live different nonculture Chlamydia tests relative to quality assured culture standard. Sex Transm Dis1994;21:S165-S166 (Abstract).
Chernsky M, Jang D, Lee H. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Men and Women by Testing Firts Void Urine by Ligase Reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2002;32(11):682-5.
Gaydos C, Crotchfelt K, Shah N, et al. Evaluation of Dry and Wet Transporte Intravaginal Swabs in Detection of Chlamydia and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in Female Soldiers by PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2002;32:758-61.
Andreu D, Pumarola S, Sanz C, et al. Prevalecía de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis determinada mediante métodos de Biología molecular. Enfermedades infecciosas. Microbiología Clínica 2002;20(5):205-7.
Bass C, Jungkind N, Silverman N. Clinical Evaluation of a New Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Endocervical Specimens 1993;31(10):2648-53.
Cribb P, Scapini J, Serra E. One Tube Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2002;97(6):897-900.
Toye B, Peeling R, Jessamine P, et al. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomaitis Infections in Asintomatic Men and Women by PCR Assay. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1996;34(6):1396-1400.
Toye B,WoodsW, Bobrowska R. Inhibition of PCR in Genital and Urine Specimens Submitted for Chlamydia trachomatis Testing. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1998;3(8):2356-8.
Niederhauser C, Kaempf L. Improved Sensitivity of Chlamydia trachomatis Cobas Amplicor Assay Using an optimized Procedure for Preparation of Specimenes. Eur Jmicrobiol Infect Dis 2003;22:118-21.
Schlott T, Ruda G, Hoppert M. The In Situ Polymerase Reaction for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. The Journal of Histochemestry & Cytochemistry 1998;46(9):1017-23.
Altwegg M, et al. Comparison of Gen Probe PACE 2, Amplicor Roche. And conventional PCR for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in genital specimens. Med Microbiol Lett 1999;3:181-7.
Van Der Pol. Multicenter Evaluation of the AMPLICOR and Automated COBAS AMPLICOR CT/NG Tests for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2000;38(3):1105-12.
T, Welsh L, Lentz A, et al. Diagnosis by AMPLICOR PCR of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Urine Samples forWomen and Men Attending Sexually Transmited Disease Clinics. 1996; 34(6):1401-6.
Wandall D, Ostergaard L, Overgaard L. Opportunistic screening for Chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis: the value of cytobrush specimens for detection by PCR compared with culture. APMIS, 1998;106:580-4.
Wiesenfeld H, Uhrin M, Dixon B. Diagnosis of Male Chlamydia trachomatis Urethritis by polimerse Chain Reaction. Sexually Transmited Diseases 1994;21(5):268-71.
Crotchefelt K, et al. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by the gen probe amplified Chlamydia Trachomatis assay (AMP) in urine especimens from men and women and endocervical specimen from women. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1998;38(2):391-4.
Pannekoek Y, Westenberg S, De Vries J. PCR Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection of semen Specimens Processed for Artificial Insemination. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2000:3763-7.
Verhoeven V, Avonts D, Mehesus A, et al. Chlamydial infection: an accurate model for opportunistic screening in general practice. Sex Transm Infect 2003.
Yang C, Maclean I, Brunham R. DNASequence Polymorphism of Chlamydia trachomatis omp1 Gene. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 1993;168:1225-30.
Bandea CI, et al. Typing of Chlamydia trachomatis strains from urine samples by amplification and sequencing the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1). Sex Transm Infect.2001;77:419-22.
López Hurtado M, Guerra FM. Papel de los anticuerpos en el desarrollo de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis y su utilidad en el diagnóstico. Perinatol Reprod Hum 2002;16(3):140-50.
The web site for chlamydia researchers health care professionals and students. Disponible en: URL: http://www.chlamydiae.com/Professional_index.htm
NOVA por http://www.unicolmayor.edu.co/publicaciones/index.php/nova se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.
Así mismo, los autores mantienen sus derechos de propiedad intelectual sobre los artículos,
Declaración de privacidad.
Los nombres y las direcciones de correo electrónico introducidos en esta revista se usarán exclusivamente para los fines establecidos en ella y no se proporcionarán a terceros o para su uso con otros fines.
