Microorganismos xerófilos cultivables de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa (Colombia)

Hermes Hernán  Bolívar Torres; Yael Natalia  Méndez; Jimena  Sánchez Nieves; María Angélica  Leal; Elkin Marcelo  Ruiz

doi:10.22490/24629448.5282

Vol. 19 Núm. 36 (2021)

Publicado 2021-09-20

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Microorganismos xerófilos cultivables de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa (Colombia)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.5282

Hermes Hernán Bolívar Torres Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ENES Morelia

Yael Natalia Méndez Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Jimena Sánchez Nieves Universidad Nacional de Colombia

María Angélica Leal Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Elkin Marcelo Ruiz Universidad Nacional de Colombia

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Introducción. Los microorganismos xerófilos han adquirido una mayor relevancia para la realización de investigaciones relacionadas con sus mecanismos adaptativos
frente al estrés hídrico, así como la caracterización e identificación de sus hábitats. En Colombia, las zonas semiáridas y desérticas como el desierto de la Tatacoa han sido poco estudiadas a nivel microbiano. Objetivo. Aislar y caracterizar microorganismos xerófilos provenientes del suelo de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa del departamento del Huila (Colombia). Materiales y métodos. Se colectaron muestras en los sectores denominados localmente como Cuzco y La Victoria, las cuales fueron procesadas para el aislamiento de microorganismos xerófilos en medio selectivo M40Y para posterior caracterización macro y microscópica, así como evaluación mediante pruebas bioquímicas para la utilización de sustratos. Resultados. Fueron aislados 29 morfotipos entre los cuales se pudieron diferenciar: Bacilos y cocos Gram positivos presentes exclusivamente en el sector del Cuzco y bacterias filamentosas ramificadas (actinobacterias) únicamente en el sector de La Victoria. Se estableció la presencia de los géneros Streptomyces, Micrococcus y Corynebacterium. Conclusiones. La presencia de microorganismos relacionados con los géneros anteriormente mencionados permitirá comprender las posibles interacciones que se presentan en este ecosistema, lo que aportará al desarrollo de este lugar como un posible análogo para estudios de búsqueda de vida en otros planetas como Marte. Además, incentivar estudios más detallados donde se puedan recuperar microorganismos que sean de utilidad para diferentes procesos biotecnológicos.

Palabras clave: bacterias, desecación, zona árida, exobiología, Colombia, Marte

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Bolívar Torres, H. H., Méndez, Y. N. ., Sánchez Nieves, J. ., Leal, M. A., & Ruiz, E. M. (2021). Microorganismos xerófilos cultivables de la zona semiárida de la Tatacoa (Colombia). Revista Nova publicación científica En Ciencias biomédicas, 19(36), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.5282

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