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Salinity, nitrogen imbalance, manganese. Auxin function, photosynthesis in oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq)
Contextualization: The study focuses on the physiology and agronomic management of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). Understanding the factors that affect its growth and productivity is essential to ensure the sustainability and profitability of this crop in response to stress.
Knowledge gap: There are knowledge gaps on how different abiotic factors, such as salinity, nitrogen, manganese and auxin, affect their growth and development. Furthermore, the photosynthetic efficiency of oil palm under stress conditions and its optimal agronomic management raise questions about some limitations that this study seeks to address.
Purpose: The main objective of the study is to investigate the effects of key abiotic factors on oil palm, such as salt stress, nitrogen balance, manganese deficiency and the role of auxin. In addition, the aim is to analyze the photosynthetic efficiency of the plant and propose management strategies to improve its productivity and sustainability.
Methodology: The bibliographic information review methodology includes searching academic databases, selecting relevant articles using specific criteria, critical analysis of the selected texts, and synthesis of the information to identify trends, gaps, and key findings in the literature.
Results and conclusions: The study revealed that salt stress negatively affects the absorption of water and nutrients, causing ionic and osmotic imbalances that reduce photosynthesis and growth of oil palm. Nitrogen deficiency resulted in a significant decrease in biomass and photosynthetic efficiency, while its excess altered inflorescence production. Manganese deficiency affected photosynthesis and leaf health, highlighting the importance of proper micronutrient management. Auxins were shown to be effective in inducing parthenocarpy and increasing oil production, although their use requires careful management to avoid oxidative stress. Finally, it is concluded that the precise management of light, water and CO2 is crucial to optimize photosynthesis and the sustainability of oil palm cultivation.v
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