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Emerging biomarkers for the diagnosis, follow-up and prognosis of sepsis
Sepsis is a severe organic disfunction, caused by a dysregulated response of the host to an infection. It is characterized because it presents physiological, pathological and biochemical anomalies that increase in-hospital mortality by more than 10%. Likewise, septic shock represents an advanced stage of sepsis, accompanied by a cardiovascular, cellular and metabolic dysfunction. Statistics from The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan-American Organization of health (PAHO) show that at least 6 million of the 31 million people that affected from sepsis die annually, largely due to inadequate diagnosis that delays the treatment. It´s actual diagnosis is base in the SOFA Score (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment), complemented with nonspecific biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, lactate, cytokines, evaluation and limited diagnostic precision in the context of septic complication. Because of the high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis has led the WHO and PAHO urge healthcare entities adopt new strategies for early detection and effective treatment. Based on the investigation of more specific and sensitive molecules. Therefore, this narrative review offers a brief description of the biomarker of common use and goes in-depth into the new biomarkers for sepsis and septic shock.
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