Alternativas de control biorracionales sobre Phytophthora infestans, fitopatógeno causante de la gota en papa

Jessica Johanna  Cruz Trujillo; Valentina  Hernández Gutiérrez; Ligia Consuelo  Sánchez Leal; Luz Stella  Fuentes Quintero

doi:10.22490/24629448.5287

Vol. 19 Núm. 36 (2021)

Publicado 2021-09-20

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Alternativas de control biorracionales sobre Phytophthora infestans, fitopatógeno causante de la gota en papa

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.5287

Jessica Johanna Cruz Trujillo Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca

Valentina Hernández Gutiérrez Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca

Ligia Consuelo Sánchez Leal Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca

Luz Stella Fuentes Quintero Universidad de Bogotá, Jorge Tadeo Lozano.

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La gota de la papa o tizón tardío es una de las enfermedades más agresivas que atacan los cultivos de papa y en poco tiempo los destruye, ocasionando enormes pérdidas económicas, es producida por el fitopatógeno Phytophthora infestans, oomyceto que ha tomado gran importancia debido a sus efectos devastadores y las dificultades para lograr su erradicación. Los fungicidas de naturaleza química representan un problema debido al uso inadecuado, lo que hace muy difícil eliminar la enfermedad por la aparición de nuevas especies resistentes. Existen nuevas alternativas para su control, basadas en el uso de sustancias de naturaleza vegetal, y la aplicación de nuevas herramientas capaces de realizar edición de genes, reprogramar o eliminar secuencias de ADN/ARN, favoreciendo así, la obtención de cultivos libres de sustancias tóxicas. En esta revisión, se presentan los métodos existentes de biocontrol: como aceites esenciales, metabolitos microbianos, herramientas moleculares y el uso de sustancias biodegradables que favorecen el manejo y prevención de plagas, que ayudan a mitigar la problemática ambiental generada por el
uso de fungicidas de naturaleza química.

Palabras clave: Phytophthora infestans, control biológico, papa, aceites esenciales, antagonista

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Cruz Trujillo, J. J. ., Hernández Gutiérrez, V. ., Sánchez Leal, L. C. ., & Fuentes Quintero, L. S. (2021). Alternativas de control biorracionales sobre Phytophthora infestans, fitopatógeno causante de la gota en papa. Revista Nova publicación científica En Ciencias biomédicas, 19(36), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.5287

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