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Methodological review of citizen participation in Colombia's political system
This article presents a methodological review of research on citizen participation in the Colombian political system. Its central purpose is to analyze the research procedures and techniques used to study and interpret citizen participation in light of that system, in order to identify trends, problems and opportunities to strengthen democratic participation. The research is situated in the context of the transformation brought about by the 1991 Constitution, which established a new participatory State model. However, despite normative advances, the practical application of participation remains problematic and confusing due to the plurality of regulations and the actions of local authorities against community participation. The review focused on studies that use techniques such as content analysis, case studies, surveys and statistical analysis. The results indicate a plural methodology, with a significant tendency toward the positivist paradigm and a qualitative approach in the articles reviewed, highlighting the effectiveness of combining empirical-analytical approaches and mixed methods to address Colombian political complexity. It is concluded that strengthening participation requires overcoming persistent limitations and generating a coherent body of regulations.