Impacto de la disposición de residuos orgánicos en el área del plato sobre el desarrollo radicular de palmas híbridas OxG en suelos arenosos

Eidy Rocío Clavijo Martínez; Oscar Mauricio Moya Murillo

doi:10.22490/26653176.11750

Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)

Published 2026-11-13

license

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Agrícola

Impact of organic residue placement in the palm circle on root development of OxG hybrid palms in sandy soils

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/26653176.11750

Eidy Rocío Clavijo Martínez Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia

Oscar Mauricio Moya Murillo Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia

PDF (Spanish)

Abstract
References

Contextualization: In oil palm crops established in sandy soil, the low capacity for water and nutrient retention can limit root development and reduce fertilizer use efficiency. In this context, the placement of pruning and harvest leaves as organic residues in the palm circle represents a management alternative to improve root-zone conditions and support crop productivity.

Knowledge gap: Although the use of plant biomass in oil palm is a recognized agronomic practice, limited information is available on the specific effect of placing pruning and harvest leaves in the palm circle on root concentration and average bunch weight in OxG hybrid palms established in sandy soils under rainfed conditions.

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of placing pruning and harvest leaves as organic residues in the palm circle on root concentration and average bunch weight in OxG hybrid palms cultivated in sandy soils.

Methodology: The study was conducted in 12-year-old OxG hybrid palms established in Cumaral, Meta, Colombia. Two treatments were compared: palms with continuous placement of pruning and harvest leaves in the palm circle, and palms with a clean palm circle. Both treatments received the same fertilization and amendment program established by the plantation. For root concentration, 30 replications per treatment were evaluated using soil blocks measuring 50 × 30 × 20 cm, located 20 cm from the palm stem. For average bunch weight, 68 bunches per treatment were evaluated. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for root concentration, and Student’s t-test was used for average bunch weight, with α = 0,05.

Results and conclusions: Palms with pruning and harvest leaves showed higher root concentration, with 113,3 g/kg, compared with 44,3 g/kg in palms with a clean palm circle. Likewise, average bunch weight was higher in palms with pruning and harvest leaves, reaching 20,6 kg, compared with 16,9 kg in palms without leaves. These results suggest that the placement of organic residues in the palm circle favors root development and improves the productive performance of OxG hybrid palms in sandy soils.

keywords: plant cover, biomass recycling, mulch, nutrient-use efficiency, agricultural productivity, rainfed crop

Adu, M. O., Atia, K., Arthur, E., Asare, P. A., Obour, P. B., Danso, E. O., Frimpong, K. A., Sanleri, K. A., Asare-Larbi, S., Adjei, R., Mensah, G. y Andersen, M. N. (2022). The use of oil palm empty fruit bunches as a soil amendment to improve growth and yield of crops: A meta-analysis. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 42(2), artículo 13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00753-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00753-z

Allam, M., Radicetti, E., Quintarelli, V., Petroselli, V. y Marinari, S. (2022). Influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil organic carbon and crop productivity under different tillage systems: A meta-analysis. Agriculture, 12(4), 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040464 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040464

Alfonso, O. A. y Castiblanco, J. S. (2013). Análisis comparativo de costos para la aplicación de fertilizantes en palma de aceite. Palmas, 34(1), 31-38. https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/10810

Bhattacharyya, S. S., Ros, G. H., Furtak, K., Iqbal, H. M. N. y Parra, R. (2022). Soil carbon sequestration: An interplay between soil microbial community and soil organic matter dynamics. Science of the Total Environment, 815, artículo 152928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152928

Blanco, H. (2022). Cover crops and carbon sequestration: Lessons from U.S. studies. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 86(3), 501-519. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20378 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20378

Caliman, J.-P. (2019). El rol del reciclaje de la biomasa de palma de aceite en la salud del suelo de las plantaciones. Palmas, 40(Especial T), 142-143. https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13043

Castillo R., Ó. A. (2022). Incremento en el contenido de materia orgánica del suelo con el uso de biomasa del cultivo, como estrategia para mantener altas productividades. Palmas, 43(1), 97-101. https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13753

Formaglio, G., Veldkamp, E., Damris, M., Tjoa, A. y Corre, M. D. (2021). Mulching with pruned fronds promotes the internal soil N cycling and soil fertility in a large-scale oil palm plantation. Biogeochemistry, 154(1), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00798-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00798-4

García, A. M., Penagos, B. Y., Munévar, D. E., Rincón, Á. H., Mesa, E. y Cortés, C. A. (2024). Estudio de caso: ubicación de las hojas poda y cosecha das en el plato de la palma. Palmas, 45(3). https://doi.org/10.56866/01212923.14321 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56866/01212923.14321

Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales. (s. f.). Portal de consulta y descarga de datos hidrometeorológicos DHIME. https://dhime.ideam.gov.co/atencionciudadano/

Moradi, A., Teh, C. B. S., Goh, K. J., Husni, M. H. A. y Ishak, C. F. (2014). Decomposition and nutrient release temporal pattern of oil palm residues. Annals of Applied Biology, 164(2), 208-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12094 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12094

Rincón, A., Baquero, J. y Flórez, H. (2012). Manejo de la nutrición mineral en sistemas ganaderos de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica). http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12324/12469 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21930/978-958-740-115-8

Rudolf, K., Hennings, N., Dippold, M. A., Edison, E. y Wollni, M. (2021). Improving economic and environmental outcomes in oil palm smallholdings: The relationship between mulching, soil properties and yields. Agricultural Systems, 193, Article 103242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103242

Rüegg, J., Quezada, J. C., Santonja, M., Ghazoul, J., Kuzyakov, Y., Buttler, A. y Guillaume, T. (2019). Drivers of soil carbon stabilization in oil palm plantations. Land Degradation & Development, 30(16), 1904-1915. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3380 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3380

Ruíz, E., Mesa, E., Mosquera, M., Beltrán, J. A. y Guerrero, J. M. (2015). Ubicación de hojas cortadas durante la poda y la cosecha alrededor de las palmas como mulch: Estudio de la adopción de la práctica en cultivadores de palma de aceite en Tibú, Norte de Santander. Palmas, 36(3), 11-23. https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/11573

Silva, A. (2022). Costos de producción en la agroindustria de palma de aceite. Palmas, 43(3), 146-149. https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13936

license

How to Cite

Clavijo Martínez, E. R., & Moya Murillo, O. M. (2026). Impact of organic residue placement in the palm circle on root development of OxG hybrid palms in sandy soils. Agricolae & Habitat, 9(1), 46-61. https://doi.org/10.22490/26653176.11750

Download Citation

Almétricas